Manufacture of elongated tubular articles



Jan. 27, 1931. I F. w. MEYER 1,790,108-

MANUFAGTURE 0F ELONGATED'TU BULAR ARTICLES Filed Feb. 23, 1929 2 Sheets Sheet 1 Jan. 27, 1931. 3 F. w. MEYER 1,790,108

MANUFACTURE OF 'ELONGATED TUBULAR ARTICLES Filed Feb. 23, 1929 '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I lyToR I 9 W 2" l1 Faitentecl Ja n "27, 1 931 j n nrr'z w. MEYER, or JoH isrowi rENNsYLvANIA, issie voit TO ROBERT: s. WALTERS,

or so rm nivionr, rE msYLv mA" f" 1 iiv mnnrncrrunnor ELONGATED,-,TUBUELARART1CLES l Application siar bi y 2a i al-strat s. 41, 18,."

This invention relates to the manufacture are mated, there are a plurality of hollow of elongated tubular articles of cast metal, {mold c avities-of circular cross section. Ex-

7 ancl is particularly applicable to the manutending across the tops of tliefcavities 3 \facture of cast iron pipes. i 'afrecess' "4; 'in each ofjfthe mold {sections-- to :7 Cast iron 'pipes'have heretofore been suc Jreceive-ahorizontal core,-c'arrier. Rigidly 5 cessfully made by 'centrifugal oasting'andby fnarried on oneof the mold sectionsand proi ;molding in sand molds, the molds vlo'eing -jectin'g from the" face of the section in the ofline IIII ofFigfurel;

' vertical, horizontal and sometimes inclined, recess 4 is" a pin .5 Which is preferably of but bothof these processesare relatively eX-- nO11 C 1 I'CUl'aI"01088560131011; and Which is pref- 1; pensive, especially injthe manufacture of "erablyi triangularin cross section with/the apex of the triangle in the vertical center V V pipes of small diameter. g

. Accordingto the present invention, there line "of thefmold; v s V g, Y g is-providedla method and apparatus for, the Formed at thebottfomfof themold-cavities manufacture of'ca'st metalcpi'pes or the like} tarecore'supportst, eachio'fthese'supports 6 I Y whichis relatively more simple and-less leX- having-a central socks-ti?" therein jadaptedto pensive tlia'n present, methods' an-diWhereinfreceive thebottomend 'of a core. f 'A tYeach fa moreuniform Wall thickness; is secured-in sid f,'the core su ports for each mold the pipe. Theflinvention is, furthermore,' cavity isagat'e 8through which the molten .7

adapted to the forming of a" plurality] of 7 metal may'floW- froni passagw in the'ibot f ZapipeS in a single mold at a single; operation. tom of themold-iiito'feach of t-he'individualjo g The invention ma bereadily understood moldca vities. Thep assageft) communicates by reference to'the. accompanying. drawings "witha maiumetal; inlet gate 10 at'the bot-T which illustrate'nioreor lessigenera-lly the tom ofthe mold." i present invention; and'in which In the particular oonstri ction. shown in J Figurel is a face View of one of the. mold the drawings, there are three Iinol-d fc avities sections of the divided permanent mold used '3, but this number can-be varied according in the process;. ,i to the size of themold sections and the di- 7 Figure 2 isatransversehoriz'ontal section ameters ofthecpipes tol'be formed. Each 7' through the mold in substantially the plane mold, however,' preferably provides a more:

v l I than a single mold, cavity. II I Figure 3, is a simil' ar section in substan Centrally positioned ineach. mold cavity 3 tially the planeof line IILJII, of a is a icoaxially extending core 11; Thelovver ure 1; f i 1 I Figuree-isa front View of the 'core; et-s 7 in the supporting members :6 at the 35 Figure 5 is, an enlarged cross section bottoms of the mold cavities whiletheupper through the core carrier; y j ends of the coresare'connected ith an ini F'gure 6 is a view similar to Figure 1 t-egral'core carrier in theqform of ai cross showing the core in place in the niold sec piecel2, Which cross-piece 12 isfadaptedto tion; and a V j 1 be received. in the-(cavity; l-Qin, the upper 40 ;Figure 7 is an enlarged cross section part of therpermanent mold; The coretcar.-

through @the mold "and core in substantially rier 12 is preferably reinforced by an em-' the plane of line VII VI I of Figure 6. v bedded strip of metal 13.5In thecenter of Accordingto the present invention, the this strip of metal,- and passing transversely e gtubulafr articles or lengths of' pipe, are throughthe: core carrier isa hole 14 through 45 v forn ied in a permanent mold comprised of [which the Tpin 5'of1the mold oan pass. ,The' two complementary '1 sections 2 Land 2. In openingcle is preferably triangular in cross ends ofthecores'll are received in thesockeach section are a plurality of vertically eX- sectionjandj is larger 'thanlthe' pin 5 so that r V tending semi-circular mold cavities 3,; the the core carrier; can adjust itself with lrecavities being correspondingly idisposedin spect tothemold, V V I j -the-two'sections,s9 1 1 31 Whfill-h$fi0n In p acticaithe- Q0? fiarrier. with the de-- pendent cores 11 is placed in one'of the mold sections With the pin passing through the openingal l. The triangular pin engaging in the triangular opening provides, a single point suspension for the core carried and its dependent cores. The lower 'ends of the cores" projectinto thesockets 7 of the core supports 6 at the bottoms of the mold cavimg the pipe is of considerable importance.

. ties? By reason of the cores being firmly supported at their lowerends' and being rigidly connected with the core carrier 12 at their upper ends, they are properly centered in the mold cavities 3, and'chaplets' do not have to'be used to retain the core in place. The elimination of Chaplets in the processor cast- The. cores 11 are moldedfrom silica sand with which; has been; mixed a bonding or a temporary bonding materialfsuoh as oil or corn syrup, as will be readily understoo-d by 1 those skilled in r"ou'ndry= practice.

The molded silica-cores are firedto develop the necessary strength in the molded material, the molding of the cores and the core carrlers being done in accordance. with presentmethods, as Will be readily undierstood by tthose skilled in thejart.

As will be understood by those skilled a the art, the cores areformed in a'divided corcf box, half of the core structure be ng molded in one "section; oi the box and half being molded in'the other section of the boX. V The twose'ctions'tare then putltogether to form the complete core, after which one section of the box isremoved andthe other'sectionis i'itilized'tojsupport' the molded core hileit is being fired. v v

Howevenbefore the two halves of the core are put together, a shallow grooveis formed along the center of each of the cores,"this groove commnnicatingwith a cross groove in the core carrier and leading to a. ventopen' ing so that there is a vent passage 15 in each of the coresll, This vent; passage COIIII'IHF. nicates Withthe vent passageezrtending crosswise in the carrier 4, the gases escaping through a ventat15. are indicated at 15a.

Air escape passages After the cores and the corecarrier have been placed in one of the mold sections 2, the

other mold section is closed over, the first, and the mold mthenbrought into position over :apressure casting unlt Which'isdiagrm i casting unit-maybe ofany well known or;

matically indicated atEA. This pressure preferred type, and after the mold has been positioned over it, molten metal is "forced into the passage10'ifromwhifch it flows along: the passage 9 and through thegates8w to'the respective mold cavities. 'Due to the fact core. eachmoldcavity, the coresiare not pushed to that there are" oppositely disposed gates for one side or the other by'the force of the incoming metal, and an even 'wall thickness is maintained. As the mold cavities are filled with metal, the gases permeate the cores, escaping through thevent passages provided in the cores.

The permanent molds can be cooled in any suitable or preferred manner, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. After the castings have become cold. they are re- 'moved from the mold and the'core material is cleaned out.

It Will'be noted that Ipreferablyempiov cores which; are self-sustaining and require no arbor either for reinforcing the core or "for."removing"guises. This is of considerable advantage because in processes of casting pipes as heretofore :carried out wherein a sand core is used, thenature of the core hasbeen' such'a's to require the use of an arbor. 'Due to temperaturev changes, the arbors which have been'j used [have been found'to warp and become distorted','pr.oducing tubes of uneven Wall thickness and nonuniform character. Obviously,hovvever, in

carrying out the present invention, arbors may be used in the cores here itis desired to do so.

7 i According to the present invention, then fore, it is necessary tousej neither .chaplets 'nor arbors infthe cores... The, manner of mounting. the core system; comprising the cores and the core; carrier, in one section "of the mold allows the coresyst'em to be setin place vvitho-ut pulling :or straining the cores.

The appa-ratus'is' relatively simple It will be understood that fin the accomp anying "drawingsthe stru'ct uref'of the :permzftnent molds has only been 'outlinedfin a general Way, and canv be modified and changedin various Ways to provlde for the clos ng-"of the mold and to prov1de for the cooling thereof. It *Will be understood that the number of mold cavities maybe varied according tov the diameter of the pipe being cast, and that Where pipe other :thang'pipe having a circular cross section is to beicast,

the shape. of the mold cavities can be correspondingly modified: In practicing the 'invention, the tube lengths which are castwill ordinarily exceed four feet, preferably being about six 7 feet. Various modifications and I changes may be made within the spirit of the invention 'a nd under thQSCOPG ofthe follow simultaneouslyintroduced into the mold cavity at opposite sides of the centerline of the '2j'A par-atus lor the manufacture of cast i metal tubes I; comprising a permanent mold formed of tv'vo'vertical sections and 1n which f mea -me,

is provided-"a vertically extendin -elongated mold-cavity, means-at'thebottom ofthe cav- 'ity fo'r' receiving and supporting a core at the centerofthe' cavity, means-atthe topof-th mold forsupporting the top" of a core,- a a core in the cavity carried hyt'he supporting means, and" means for introducing-- iietal into the mold-cavityat'the botto'm'thereoif;

- 3. Apparatus forfthe'manufacture of cast metal tubescomprising apermanent mold formed oftw'overtical sections and in which is provided a vertically extending elongated mold-cavity, means atthe bottom of the cavity for supporting a core at the center of the cavity, means at the top of the mold for supporting the topof a core, a core in the cavity carried by the supporting means, and means for introducingimetal into the lower end of the core cavity at opposite sidesof the core.

4; Apparatusfor the manufacture of cast metal tubes comprising a permanent .mold

' formed of two vertical sections and in which A is provided a vertically extending elongated mold cavity, means at the bottom of the cav ity'for supporting a core at the centerof the cavity, means at the top of the mold for sup- V porting thetop of a core in a central positionand closing the top of the mold cavity, a

core in the cavity carried by the supporting means, said corecomprising a self-sustaining mass of bonded silica sand. a

V '5 Apparatus for'th'e manufacture of cast metal tubes comprising a permanent mold formed of two vertical sections,- said mold 1 having a plurality of vertically extendingv mold cavities therein, a core support at the bottom of each cavity, a core carrier "in the mold above the vertical cavities, a plurality of cores on the carrier, one of which is centrally positioned in each cavity and has its lower end received in the core support at the bottom of the cavity, and means for introducing molten metal into the bottom of the respective cavities. p

6. Apparatus for themanufacture of cast metal tubes comprising a permanent mold formed of two vertical sections, said mold mold cavities therein, a core support at the having a plurality of vertically extending mold cavities therein, a core support at the bottom of each cavity, 'a' core carrier in the mold above the vertical cavities, a pluralityof cores on the carrier, one of which is centrally positioned in each cavity and has its lower end received in the core support at. the bottom of the cavity, whereby the core in each cavity is supported only adjacent its ends, and means for introducing metal intothe lower end of each cavity.

7. Apparatus for the manufacture of cast metal tubes comprising a permanent mold" formed of two vertical sections, said mold having a plurality of vertically extending bottom of each cavity, a core carrier in the mold above the vertical cavlties and closing the' t'op's of the 1 verticahmold cavities, aplureality of cores on'the carrier, one of which is centrally? positioned in each cavity and' has its lower 'end i eceived ,-in the core support at the; bottom of'the cavity,- whereby the core 1 in each cavity is supported only adjacent its ends,- and means for introducingmetal into I thel-o We'r endfof each cavity at-oppositesides' of the core.

' 8, Apparatus for the manufacture of cast metal tubes 7 comprising a core systemihaving a carrier with a plurality of dependingcor e j members, said core systemzbeing formed" of bonded silica sand; and a divided permanent moldhaving vertical mold-"cavities adapted to receivetheme} system, said I moldfhaving core sup-porting means at'the bottom 'of' 'each cavity,thecoresbeing supported in the mam I onlyati the bottom ofthe cav-ity and adjacent. the mold carrier, the" core'carriersfbeing 'po} sitioned' out of themOId caViti'es;

' 9i 'Apparatusffor thepmanuitacture -of cafst- 7 metal tubes eomprising a core system comprised of areinforced core carrierfromwhi'ch depend a plurality of self sustaininglbonded silica-sand cores, a permanent 'mold comprised of two vertical sections, saidperma nent'mold lia'vingfa plurality of vertically extending [elongated V mold" cavities thereinalong which th ge s-7 Gama; means {at th top pf the mold for IClVlllQtl'lGCOl carr1er,and means tliezb ottom of "each"cavity for receiving a averages' bwe ten ae the c'o're carriersbeing" positionedoiit -of the v e Apparatus fo'rthe manafaetulrstrcas moldicavitie's.

f 'meta'l" tubes 'co'mpri s'ing'a" core system compris Q f Q n Q s' eOI e fi i 'rj 'bm which depend a plurality of self-sustaininglbonded li i e f w s 1" p rma entsee -w prlsed pf two-vertical" sections, said; permanent mold having a'- p1ura1it3r" of vertically j extending; elongated im'old cavities therein along} which the cores-extend, means at the 't pig l mold? r arewi n v the b e rifer, means at the bottom of each fc'a'vityfor r w ring-and. ppor g th lew nd'w the"cores; and means ifor introducing" molten metal into'the bottom of each'inold cavity; 3, e 111; Apparatus for the manufacture of cast metal" tubesv comprising a mold system having a, corecarrierand a pluralit'y of cores depending fromfthe carrier, said coresbeing metahtub'e's comprising" a mold sy t m, h y; g a core carrier andaPIuraIity of coresl pending from thecarri'er, said cores; being formed of bonded z'silica sand perm'eablei to gases, the eores having avcentral gas escape passageway thereailongga dividedperrnanent mold for; cooperation; with the core system having vertical mold;. cavities therein. with means at the "bottom (of; each I cavity ion receiving and supporting the' core, means in the top of the mold for receiving-and supporting. the; core carrier, and means ,ior forcing metal under pressure linto the mold cavities-adjacent the -hottoins ofl the mold cavities.

:413. Apparatus ior :metal tubes comprising a m system; hava e tqa 'en; rQmo h c o d p n aphij r alitygof Kseli-sustaining silica sand-cores, '7 mdco e e rn hav ng. r n e e pen thereth o gh a a and d ip tm n nt mol for cooperation with the, core system cornprised of twoj sectiong said inold having a v plurality of vertically extending mold cavi- 16Apparatus for [the manufacture I of cast ilmetalgtuhes comprising a: permanent mold formed of two, vert ical sections,;';said

nioldhaving a plurality of; vertically extending, elongated mold cavities thereinyaucore support at the bottom of each cavity, means inthe 'tOPLOft hG mold for receiving and supporting a corecarrien'and means forintroducing .met'alf under pressure into the bottoms of. each of the mold cavities vIn ,testimony whereof I have hereunto set ties -.there in, along which the cores extend, a r f pin onv-one oi -the permanentunoldsectwns P ng-thro gh id Ope n infil seine-9 z a I 'PIOWdlB asmele P01 1 us ense- 1 for said carrier.

I 14;.. Apparatus for metal tubes comprisinga core systemliaving re carlv r f om wh ch lep n iaphi'r ity f: elf-u n lf asa dfi r s a -so e -carrierhaving,a ,tra1ismarse opening ,"theite:

hr ugh, a, i e lp ri al nt niialsl f .0-

of a core. 1 o

l 15 Apparatus for, the manufactured? cast Qmetaltubes' conlprising a cor'e'fsystein having 7 z -a core carrierifrom which depend a plurality 10f self sustaigning Shawna coreSgsi id-ieore carrierhaving a -trans ve rse opening the'reo through;aig'divided permanentniold' forfcov operation with the'coresystem'cornprised of v two sections, said mold having a plurality of 1 avertically@extending Inol'd cavities' th8rein alongwhich the coresext'end, a pin on one of the permanentv mold sections passing through said opening in the core carrierand providing a single pointsuspension for said i Y v1 05 earner, and means atthe bottorn of each 7 mold cavity forreceiving andsupporting the end of a core, said opening through the core carrier. being triangular in crosssection, said v;

pin also being triangular in crosss ectiomthe pin being of smallen cross section than the opening, the apex of the pin. and the apex of the opening coinciding with the vertical ;center line of; the mold CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

4 Patent No. 1,790,108. Granted January 27, 1931, to

FRITZ W. MEYER.

It is hereby certified that the name of the assignee in the above numbered patent was erroneously written and printed as "Robert S. Walters", whereas said name should have been written and printed as Robert S. Waters, as shown by the records of assignments in the office; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 24th day of February, A. D. 1931.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

